1:32 Singlemode Optical Tree Coupler TTCoc-SM32

1:32 optical tree couplers, which have a splitting loss of 15.1 dB and an excess loss of around 4 dB, allow laser transmitters such as TTCex and TTCtx with an average output from each port exceeding 0 dBm to broadcast to typical optical receivers having a sensitivity of about -20 dBm.

Multimode 1:32 tree couplers fabricated by the fused biconic taper process were introduced by manufacturers such as Canstar in the late 1970s. However, until the development in the mid 2000s of advanced new techniques such as overclad and thermal diffusion technology, singlemode couplers with a 1:32 fanout could only be fabricated by concatenating several smaller couplers.

The model TTCoc-SM32 is a singlemode 1:32 coupler for operation at 1310 nm wavelength. It comprises ten 1:4 couplers and one 1: 2 coupler, spliced together and housed in a 6Ux14HP Europa cassette with one input and 32 output sockets for ST connectors. The single 1:2 coupler feeds two 1:4 couplers, each of which feeds four more 1:4 couplers.

These couplers were initially used to broadcast timing signals from high power OKI OL364A-40 laser transmitters in CERN's accelerator control room to the physics experiments and beam instrumentation located around the ring of the Large Hadron Collider. In this case, with a transmitter power of 16 dBm, the output from each port of the root coupler is at a level of about -3 dBm. With a receiver sensitivity of -20 dBm, this allows for up to 17 dB of attenuation through the optical fibres, connectors and patch panels in the distribution network.

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